Hantavirus, a potentially fatal disease transmitted from rodents to humans, has recently caused concern in the United States, particularly in Arizona. Here are the key details about the current situation:

1. Recent cases and fatalities:

• Seven confirmed cases of Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS) have been reported in Arizona from January 1 to July 1, 2024, resulting in three deaths[1][3].
• California has reported two cases and one death this year[3].
• In total, four deaths have been attributed to hantavirus in the U.S. in 2024[3][4].

1. Disease characteristics:

• Hantavirus is spread primarily through contact with infected rodent urine, saliva, or feces[1][4].
• The virus has a fatality rate of approximately 38%[3].
• Symptoms typically appear 1 to 8 weeks after exposure and include fever, muscle aches, nausea, and abdominal pain, progressing to severe respiratory issues[2][3].

1. Geographic distribution:

• Hantavirus cases are predominantly reported in the Western and Southwestern United States[2].
• Arizona ranks among the states with the highest number of reported hantavirus infections[2].
• The disease is not confined to a specific region and can be present in many areas with rodent activity[4].

1. Factors contributing to the increase in cases:

• Seasonal changes in rodent populations may be responsible for the uptick in cases[2].
• Experts are considering climate change and extreme heat waves as potential contributing factors[2][3].

1. Prevention and treatment:

• There is currently no specific treatment, cure, or vaccine for hantavirus infection[2][4].
• Prevention measures include proper cleaning and disinfection of areas with rodent activity, sealing entry points in homes, and using traps[4].

Health officials are urging the public to be cautious and take preventive measures, especially when entering or cleaning rural structures that may harbor rodents[2][4]. The recent increase in cases and fatalities highlights the importance of public awareness and proper hygiene practices to minimize the risk of hantavirus transmission.

Citations:
[1] https://cmmonline.com/news/hantavirus-concerns-in-arizona-as-fatalities-occur
[2] https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/hantavirus-arizona-warn-spread-potentially-fatal-rcna162593
[3] https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/world/us/hantavirus-in-us-deadly-rat-disease-kills-four-health-officials-on-alert/articleshow/112023247.cms
[4] https://metro.co.uk/2024/07/25/rat-disease-hantavirus-kills-four-us-health-warning-21292461/